Chess rules

MaryamAli · April 30, 2021, 5:07pm

Chess rules start from setting up the board, taking turns and pieces. Next steps include ■■■■ to move first, then rooks to move in a particular direction, knights can jump from off the board. Bishops move diaganol, queens movement is in diaganol or straight line, while King can make any movement. Then there is castling which has other specified rules of moving. Another special move is En Passant in which both the pawns are moved. Further rules include check, checkmate, stalemate. Chess is a complex kind of play and there are many strategies involved in it but the basic aim is to just save your pieces. Some pieces are strong so you have to decide that which pieces to put forwards and how to save them from capturing.

What is chess?

Chess is a chequered board game which is played between two people. Each of Piece is strategically no Rd from one place to the other according to chess rules. The ultimate goal for the game is to capture the pieces or put the king under attack so that their escape becomes possible also famously called ‘checkmate’ in chess rules. It is not easy to understand the chess rules so here we would try to make it look simple to you.

History of the chess.

The invention of chess dates back to 1500 years and the region is India. The chess game we have today is very much like the one that was created in the first place. The few changes it underwent were that there was introduction of Queen in the 15th century and some of the adjustments were made in the movement strategies in 1800. The game has a king which is the strongest among all the pieces. The game has to be pursued in such a way that the king is captured by the opponent pieces delivering the ultimate checkmate. This word is a derivative of the Persian phrase called ‘Shah Mat’ which in English means ‘the King is ambushed’. There is common misconception for the meaning though being ‘the King is ■■■■’ but it is not the case

General chess rules

The chequered board us arranged in white and black cheques. Each person has their own set of equal pieces. The game begins with white to move first and then the turns are alternately switched between both the gamers. There has to be a movement in each of the turn. If the situation arises that the player has to move but he has no moves left and also he is not in check position then there is a term used for it called ‘Stalemate’. This means the game has no winners and it’s a draw. The pieces cannot be moved just the way player wants. Each piece has a designated move and each time the player has to strategically move them to replace the position of the opponent piece. However an exception in this regard is called ‘En Passant’. None of the piece can move through or over the other piece but the Knight has an exception. The King should not go in the check position because that would mean that it is going to be captured by the opponent pieces. When such a situation arises player has to make wise moved to get him out of the situation. The end of the game is called ‘checkmate’. This is the situation for the King that he is in check and none of his legal moves are now left to make an escape from the capture. Therefore the one who has checkmated the opponent’s King wins the game.
The game offers sound cognitive development in children especially because they have to plan the whole game out hence their thinking capability is enhanced. Understanding the game may be difficult but then the game requires serious motivation to play. Once you have excelled in all it’s parts then you can easily play it and make all the checkmates like a pro.

The initial setup of positions

If you see a chessboard you will find squares on it of alternating colour. Mostly the colours are black and white with 8 columns and 8 rows making a total of 64 squares. Each of the square is designated with a combination of a number and a letter. The letters are listed at the vertical side of the board string from the White’s left and going to White’s right. The numbers are listed horizontally starting from top to bottom the board has to be setup by placing the queen in the first place. The queen of the light coloured pieces is set at the lighter colour square and the dark coloured queen at the dark square.

Taking turns

The players have to make moves with the first move given to the white or lighter colour. Each of the players has to make only one move the exception is in castling which will be explained later.

Taking the pieces

As the movement in the chess game continues the players have to take pieces of the opponent. It is essential to make the move by planning it out in the mind so that the opponent doesn’t find it easy to crack. The players cannot pass over their own pieces though. They just have to replace the position of the other pieces.

The ■■■■ movement

The pawns can move forward only and their movement is restricted till one or two moves in the beginning. The moves that are followed should be of one space. The direction in which the pawns can move is diagonal only. The pawns are also promoted to the highest ranks only when they are able to reach the opposite end of the board. The higher rank can be of anything but the King.

The Rook

The movement of took is in continuous motion going side to side, forwards or backwards.

Knights

As said the pieces are not supposed to go over or through their opponents pieces. It is just the Knight that if surrounded by opponents it can jump off the opponents pieces to make a legal move for escaping. The legal directions for knight to move are the ones two spaces side to side, forward or backward and one space to the right. To make it easy to remember the movement of the knight keep in mind the resemblance towards letter L

The Bishop.

Bishop is allowed to make the moves in any directions but only diagnol to it.

The Queen

The Queen is given much freedom in movement that it can go side to side forward, backwards in diagnol and straight lines both.

The King

The movement of king is also not that much restricted. It can go in any direction desired by making one move per square. However the square that are under attack is restricted for the king.

What is a castling?

Castling us the only way in which the two pieces can be moved at the same time. This cannot happen otherwise. One piece movement at a time is one of the chess rules. This happens when the king moves towards the room in two spaces and then castles with it. You can guess that with the shape of the rook. The rook has to jump to the other side. King can stay in the castle under the following conditions
• There is no movement by the king
• The king has not being checked
• The movement done by the long is not into or through check
• The space between the castling side room and King and no other piece in between
• There is no movement in the castling side rook
However it does not matter that the King has made an escape from.the check and the took has been attacked by the opponent piece before making the castling.

En Passant, the special moves

En Passant is a special movement made when the pawns come head to head. If the ■■■■ has made a movement of two spaces and is destined to take place that is close to your ■■■■ then you can make a special move in which you can take the position opponent is intending to take by moving forward and diagonal.

Check happens

Check us a crucial game point. King being the strongest piece of all should be protected all the time. Check happens when the king is surrounded by the opponent pieces in a way that it becomes hard for it to escape. The player has to make a move in a way that releases the king out of captivity and then bring it to safe place. The player cannot move it’s own king to check.

Make it checkmate

Checkmate is the end to game when one player wins. King is the King of the game. The checkmate is attained when the king is all surrounded by the opponent’s pieces and there are no legal moves left for the king to escape. In check there is still a chance that king can escape from a witty move. In checkmate there is absolutely no chance hence the king is ambushed and defeated. The one who checkmates the other is the winner. For example the king cannot move if the queen is in the space. The queen is at all the spaces that if the king makes anyone queen will just attack it. These are the chess rules that you cannot just make any move rather they just have to make the moves allowed.

What is a Stalemate?

If the game comes to an end in which the players cannot have any more legal moves then the players cannot have any more game to play. There goes a tie between the players. For example if the white has to make a turn but all the spaces that are surrounding the king are under the attack. But if the king is still not in check then it cannot make any move. If let’s say there is a ■■■■ which is further blocked by the king then there is nothing to move on the board. The game is on a tie. The pieces if had any of the move left then there would be a game left to play so there is stalemate.

En passant

When the awn takes two square movement in the beginning of the game. In this way the opponent player can have enough passant which means that the ■■■■ had moved two squares but he can treat it as moved one square. This can happen only to one move. The movement of ■■■■ was considered fast when it was allowed to move two squares. So to keep a nominal pace of the game this idea was introduced.

Chess for beginners

Chess is not quite the game for beginners. You need intense practise into it. First you have to remember which piece has which moves that it can make. There has to be a calculated planned steps that have to be taken before you actually start appearing in front of the opponent. There are well few tips which can be very helpful in understanding the game better for a conscious approach.

Value of pieces.

The pieces of chess all have different values. You cannot start the game by putting all the pieces on fore front. If your pieces are moving just according to their value then you are taking it very well.
• The queen has the strongest value hence they it has the most value.
• Rook, Knight and bishop have the medium value.
• The weakest value is of ■■■■
Knight and bishop have the same value still there is a little edge that the bishop has on the knights. When the promotions come close then the value of ■■■■ also increases.
Promotion of ■■■■
The ■■■■ gets promoted whenever the moves are added to it or it goes to the other end of the board. The value of ■■■■ becomes the strongest when it is close to the queen

Control of board

With the passage of time when you are playing the game you will find out that during the game what are your strong areas. When you have to make the move you have to make sure that your power distribution is equal. Not to put all the weak ones up front neither to risk the strong ones. This will only require time and practise. Even if you have to make move then you should keep that particular piece not to be cut off from the rest of the force. See that the squares are not filled with opponents around. Keep a collective approach than moving a piece alone. Your pieces need to stick together and then the game will be at your side.

Summary

The game is not just available in board but also online. You can practise it quite well when go into the online games. You need have an impression on others that you have a strong game. So before getting into the actual game you need to have your feet firm.on the ground. It will be better that you start it off with online games. The system.will play with you. This will polish your skills and give a thorough understanding of the game. You will be able to know the value of each piece and how to tactfully deal with the movement of the pieces. It will definitely not take a day or so. Maybe you’ll need weeks or months depends upon how quickly you pick up the wit and how much dedication you should show towards it. The board may look a simple thing but it has a while history to go with it. You will find out that playing this game is increasing your overall thinking capacity and you will be able to know that you’ll be doing the decision making right.

World chess championship.

The championship welcomes all the Challenger from around the world to play the chess and win the most clever game. The world chess championship has witnessed many such shrewd gamers in years.

Name	Time	Nationality
Steinitz, Wilhelm	1866 – 94	Austrian
Lasker, Emanuel	1894 – 1921	German
Capablanca, Jose Raul	1921 – 27	Cuban
Alekhein, Alexandra	1927 – 35	Russian – French
Euwe, Max	1935 – 37	Dutch
Alekhein, Alexander	1937 – 46	Russian - French
Botvinnik, Mikhail Moiseyewich	1948 – 57	Russian
Smyslov, Vasily	1957 – 58	Russian
Botvinnic, Mikhail Moiseyevich	1958 – 60	Russian
Talk, Mikhail Nekhemyevich	1960 - 61	Latvian
Botvinnik, Mikhail Moiseyewich	1961 – 63	Russian
Petrosyan, Tigran Vartonovich	1963 – 69	Armenian
Spassky, Boris Vasilyevich	1969 – 72	Russian
Fischer, Robert (Bobby)	1972 – 75	Armenian
Karpov, Anatoly Yevgenyewich	1975 – 85	Russian
Kasparov, Garry	1985 – 2000	Russian
Kramnik, Vladimir	2000 – 07	Russian
Anand, Vishwanathan	2007 – 2013	India
Carleen, Magnus	2013 -	Norwegian

Other notable names are Anderresen, Adolf; Loyd, Sam; Morphy, Paul; Nimzowwitsch, Aron; Philidor; Francoise Andre; Reti, Richard; Staunton, Howard and Tarrasch, Siegbert.

The game conduct

The regular chess is different from the competitive chess. In the later one there has to be set of rules which has to be followed. The game is bound by timings. There are laws for moving the pieces. Penalties are struck upon the illegal moves. The lives have to be completed according to the preset laws and the games are recorded.
The rules are even more strict when there are tournaments of chess. These are provisions which imply upon the completion of moves. If a piece of chess is touched now the move has to be completed. The moves that have been made cannot be reversed. All the games are supposed to be recorded. There is a time piece placed by the side of the chess. The reason it serves is that the player has to make a move in a certain time. After the move is completed then he can stop the time by pressing the device.
The penalties given in the competitive chess can be in many forms. If the player is attempting to distract the other player, any of the recording device is used, player is trying to look into other player’s game, attempting to forfeit the game, trying to take consultation from any other player. If a player at any time of the game realizes that some kind of illegal move has been made then he can report it for investigation. If proven guilty the play will be reverted back to the prior position and the game will proceed from there. This is only valid until the game is in progress. Once it is completed there will be no penalities if any irregularities are found.

The origin of the game

Although many historians say that the origin of the game is from India. However there is still controversy lurking around the idea. There are evidences or traces of chess games being discovered from the histories of Pakistan, Central Asia, India, China, Russia and elsewhere are found to be even older. These pieces of chess games found were considered part of other board games like with dice or 100 square board games.
The earlier games found in the history are war games as well inspired from the Indian epic called Mahabharata. The name of the game was ‘chaturanga’ which is Sanskrit for war formation. This game is considered earlier precursor of chess because it had two main features similar to it. Power was distributed among different pieces and victory was associated with the king. The game of this game stayed till the seventh century and the part of country saw flourishing game was northwest.

The exact form of evolution of this game is not clear but some historians claimed that the game had taken the form of 64 square board game called ‘shataranj’ (chutrung) which found itself popular among south of Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India in 600 CE. There were some new pieces added to the game like that of ‘the counsellor’. This piece had no involvement in the troop formation. This game shatrang had also the same winning objective which was either to capture the king or eliminating all the enemy pieces. The positions of knights and pawns is still the same but there have been some timely and regional change have occurred.

The spread of the game occurred due to the trading routes found between the east and the West. The characteristics of the game would change as the game went to different regions. For example there was a variation in the game that the pieces were placed in between the square lines rather than inside the square. The game progressed to China, Japan and Korea. The version of chess found in China is more complex and renders more time than that found in West. It had more parts like limited access to the camps if enemy, a river between the fifth and sixth rank, a boundary with 10 ranks and 9 files.

Entrance to Europe

It was in the Byzantine Empire that chess had made its way to Europe through Persia. Another contributor in taking the game to Europe was the expansion of Arabian Empire. The oldest recording of the game was in the tenth century when the game was found in the manuscript as being the most liked game of the three caliphs and their pupil in Baghdad
Chess was brought to North Africa in 10th century by Muslims in Spain and Sicily. It was spread to Kievan Rus by the Eastern Slavs in the same century. It were the Vikings that not only took the game further to England and Iceland but also had the famous chessmen collection that was found in the Isles of Lewis and had 78 walrus – ivory pieces from eleventh and twelveth century.
The games like dice and chess were also banned in different periods. The French King Louis IX had banned it in 1254. The game still gained popularity and a set of chess was associated with power, knowledge and wealth. The game was termed as the royal game in 15th century. The rulers who lived the game were Ivan IV of Russia, Alfonso X of Spain, Phillip II, Richard I, John and Henry I & II of England.

Benefits of playing chess.

The game is not just a good pass of time but it also has many benefits for people indulged in it.

Chess helps you in seeing from other’s perspective because in this game you have to predict the next move of the opponent. This phenomenon in behavior science is called theory of mind and helps in building social relations and empathy. This is evident from scientific study on children.
There should be no shred of doubt that chess improves your memory and chess players have a good memory pertaining to their ability to remember the values and loves if pieces and different combinations in playing. Researched are enough to understand that the chess players are better at recalling the words and names than non chess players. They can even better recognize the visual patterns because of their ability to remember the patterns in chess board positions.
Chess improved two kinds of intelligences; one is processing speed in which the person can understand the situation and respond to a challenge well. The other is fluid intelligence in which the ability reason and solve problems exists.
Flow is a state of mind to attain the optimum level of performance under the challenging situations. This is described perfectly by the gamers and athletes who ace their job that in this state the person does not consider the boundaries of time while gets you to a level that clearly defines your peak performance. This is the level attained by chess players
There has been a research on students who were divided into two groups of chess players and non players. These students were asked ti find the alternate use of the daily items. Results revealed that the chess players had more creative and divergent thought pattern than non players.
No doubt no game is complete without a strategy. In chess the planning has to be taken to the highest level because you not just have to make your own moves but also anticipate the opponent’s. These targets can be achieved much better with a sound planning. So yes the players are at best position to plan. Researches reveal that the chess players perform better at the test that enhance their planning and decision making.
Chess has demonstrated its importance in therapy as well. Therapist use it not only as tool to build a therapeutic relationship but also to see for the client that what their reactions are under problem solving.
Chess increases the capacities of brain that involve critical thinking, visual spatial skills, calculations and memory. This thus decreases the risk of developing dementia among the older people
Chess is a slow game of patience. Therefore when the game was included in the treatment plan for children with ADHD there was a significant decrease in their hyperactivity and inattentiveness.
There had been a case study on a person who experienced panic attack reduction while playing chess on his phone. This example can encourage more people to find that they can get easily distracted by a challenging game like chess and report calmness as a result.

Conclusion

Chess have had slight variations from the time it is developed. This game was based on war but with time it has proven to be one of the complex games just like devising the strategies of war. Maybe no one is playing with an intention of war but the chess rules can clearly depict that your brain is involved in it just like that of a war. The chess rules are not simple and this game has proven with time to be something that only elite thinkers can ace. It is not just an amusing game but results in utilization of highly developed skills. The challenges it endeavours each level puts a person in a place to think in a different manner to gain victory. Nonetheless savoured by every age the game has just brought many gems around to witness the great games ever played.

Frequently asked questions

1. What is illegal move in chess?

If a player has moved the ■■■■, and the ■■■■ is not replaced by another piece rather the clock is pressed before hand then it is considered an illegal move. Another illegal move is that the player doesn’t complete a move and pressed the clock first.

2. What are the pieces in chess?

It’s a king, queen, rook, ■■■■, knights and bishop.

3. Can a soldier kill a king?

The king can only be checkmated in the chess by a ■■■■ but not captured or killed

4. Can a chess be won in two moves?

There is a possibility and it is called Fool’s Mate. This can be attained when the king is checkmated in only a few moves but it can be attained by the black pieces where queen can be moved to get the victory but it is very rare

5. Can chess be won faster?

The chess game to move faster Fool’s Mate is one way. The first moved should be by white that should take g- ■■■■ up to two squares and f- ■■■■ to two squares.

6. How to improve chess playing?

You should know all the rules, practise as much as possible and learn from your own game. Check your moves twice and study the other game plans.

7. What is an elephant called in chess?

The elephant or Alfil is part of the xiangqi chess which can move diagnolly in two squares. It can also leap in other variants.

8. What is a camel called in chess?

The long knight, the movements it can have are three squares in horizontal direction or one square in vertical direction or vice versa.

9. Can the king kill the queen?

If a queen size guarded then it cannot be killed by the king. The queen is in a place where another piece can be moved into to protect her.

10. What is a fifty move rule in chess?

This random that if there had been fifty moves in chess but no ■■■■ is moved it no one is captured then still player can call off the game as a draw.