What are the 3 main part of a cell and their function?
Three main parts of cell are cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm.
Cell is the basic functional unit of life. Living things are consists of one or more cells. New cells arise from pre existing cells. Three main parts of cells are Cell wall, Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm.
Cell organelle
Specialized cell structure that perform specific function. Common cell organelle are Cell membrane, Cell wall, Cytoplasm.
Three main parts of cell
1. Cell membrane
Cell membrane protects and support the cell. It is present in all the cells controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. It seperates the cell from the environment.
2. Cell Wall
Stiff and rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane to support and protect the cel is called cell wall. It is not present in animal cells.
3. Cytoplasm
Thick, jelly like substance present inside the cell membrane that contains the other organelle is called cytoplasm. It is the stage where different organelles work.
Other organelles
Ribosomes
Small bodies floating in Cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum that make proteins are called Ribosomes.
Cell movement
Cell movement occurs because of flagella, cilia and pseudopodia.
1. Flagella
Tail like structure that helps to propel the cell forward is called flagella.
2. Cilia
Short hair like structure that surrounds the cell and help the cell to move is cilia.
3. Pseudopodia
Extension of cytoplasm into the cell membrane that allows the cell to move is called pseudopodia.
Plant cells and Animal cells
Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles like nucleus and mitochondria. But they do not look exactly the same like animal and plant cell. Plant perform photosynthesis because of the presence of chloroplast but animal can’t do photosynthesis because of the absence of chloroplast. In the presence of sunlight plant make their food and this process is called photosynthesis.
After food making it is broken down by mitochondria to make energy for the cell. Both animal and plant cell have mitochondria.
Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles. A plant cell contain a large singular vacuole that is used for storage and maintains the shape of the cell. While animal cell have many small vacuoles.
Cell wall and cell membrane both are present plant cell. In plants cell wall surrounds the cell membrane. Cell membrane is present in animal cells but no cell wall.
What is Nucleus
Organelle that contains genetic material (DNA) of eukaryotic organisms is Nucleus. It maintain the integrity of the cell by facilitating transcription and replication processes.
Main components of Nucleus:
A phospholipid bilayer membrane
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Chromatic
Shape of Nucleus is flattened, ellipsoidal or irregular depending on the type of cell.
The nuclear membrane differentiate between eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells. Nucleus bound membrane is present in eukaryotes, it is not in the case of prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria) that lack membrane-bound organelles.