Acute kidney injury

Health
4

What is acute Kidney Failure/ injury ?

Acute kidney failure is a condition happens when kidney loss its ability to filter wastes, salts and fluids from blood and these wastes accumulate in our body. Many factors lead towards kidney failure including diabetes and high blood pressure. It has mild to severe symptoms depending upon the stage of renal failure.

Causes of kidney failure:

  1. High Blood pressure
    High blood pressure is the leading cause of Kidney failure.High blood pressure is caused by hypertension, stress and Stomach problems. According to a survey in United States hypertension is major cause of high stage kidney failure.

  2. Diabetes
    Diabetes damage heart as well as kidney due to excessive blood glucose level.

  3. Glomerulonephritis
    In this condition glomeruli which filters the blood in kidney are damaged and cause chronic kidney failure

Symptoms of Kidney failure

  1. Sleep apnea when kidney is not working efficiently the waste particles are not extracted by kidney and these accumulate in blood and cause sleep apnea. People with acute kidney problems have high sleep weakness than normal people.
  2. Fatigue In kidney failure kidney is unable to filter the blood and remove the wastes in the form of urine. These toxic substances accumulate in the muscles causing fatigue and person feels tired
    3.Blood in urine it is the indication of acute kidney failure. Because when filtration unit of kidney is damaged it cannot keep the blood and blood is excreted out with the urine.

Types of kidney failure:

There are following types of kidney failure

  1. Pre-renal kidney failure
    It is a condition in which kidney contract and loss functioning ability due to less blood flow through kidney.
  2. Intrinsic kidney failure
    This happens when kidney is damaged for long periods of time due to reduce availability of oxygen and excessive blood loss
  3. Post-renal kidney failure.
    This happens when urine is stopped due to blockage in Ureter. It exist pressure on kidney and cause kidney failure

Stages of Kidney failure

There are five stages of kidney failure.
  1. Stage 1 This is a primary stage of kidney failure with no signs and complicationsThis can be cured by improving living conditions, eating balanced diet and by adopting the techniques of say no to smoking.
  2. Stage 2 In this condition the damage kidney shows mild symptoms like protein in urine. This also can be preventive by Balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco.
  3. Stage 3 Moderate form of kidney failure with clear symptoms like swelling in feet and hands, back pain and frequent urination. Doctors may prescribe medications to speedup cure.
  4. Stage 4 It is severe condition with symptoms like anaemia and high blood pressure. Better lifestyle helps in this condition. Doctor also describe the treatment that lead to slow kidney damage
  5. Stage 5 It is high kidney failure with clear signs of vomiting and nausea, breathing problems and itchy skin. The one and only treatment for this condition is dialysis and kidney transplant.

Preventive measure:

  1. Dialysis
    Filtration of blood to remove toxin in the machine is called dialysis. There are two types of dialysis Hemo dialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemo dialysis uses artificial kidney called hemodialyzer which filters the blood and remove wastes. Peritoneal dialysis uses peritoneal dialyses catheter that carry fluid to remove wastes from blood in the abdomen cavity of human.
  2. Kidney transplant
    In acute renal failure dialysis is no more beneficial, the only treatment in this case is kidney transplant.There are also two types of kidney transplant. Preemptive kidney transplant is when patient receive kidney just before to reach dialysis. Living-donor kidney transplant is when recipient receive kidney from living donor.
  3. Balance the amount of fluid
    When high level renal failure is due to lack of fluid in the body the doctor recommend Intravenous fluid cure. And when it is due to excessive fluid Doctors ask to remove excessive fluid from body bu diuretic method.

Conclusion:

Hence renal failure of kidney failure is the condition in which your kidney cannot perform its functions as it should. High blood pressure and diabetes are the reason for renal failure. It has five stages with different signs of identification. The working of kidney may increase by better living conditions and balanced diet.Its treatment includes dialysis and kidney transplant.